Meaning
Forms the past of an i-adjective.
Formation
- い → かった — 暑い → 暑かった; polite 暑かったです
- いい → よかった
When to use it
- Core use
- Forms the past of an i-adjective
Examples
13 sentences-
昨日は暑かった
It was hot yesterday.
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映画は面白かったです
The film was interesting.
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昨日は風が強かったです
The wind was strong yesterday.
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この道は狭かったです
This road was narrow.
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この帽子は軽かったです
This hat was light.
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朝の空気は冷たかったです
The morning air was cold.
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その机は低かったです
That desk was low.
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新しい靴は柔らかかったです
The new footwear was soft.
5 more examples
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このカレーは辛かったです
This curry was spicy.
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海の水は温かかったです
The sea water was warm.
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その説明は長かったです
That explanation was long.
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今日の空は青かったです
Today's sky was blue.
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この方法はよかったです
This method was good.
Important notes
- かった already carries the past, so the polite ending stays です: 楽しかったです. いい becomes よかった.
Common mistakes
- 楽しいでした is wrong — です does not change for an i-adjective. The noun pattern 休みでした does not apply here.
Check yourself
Pick the translation of each sentence. The wrong options translate similar patterns, so watch the grammar rather than the words.
Similar grammar
Hear it in podcasts
The pattern appears in these episodes. They open in the app with the transcript and translation.
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