JLPT N4 · Permission and obligation

可能形

Potential form: can do it

Meaning

Shows that an action is possible or that someone is able to perform it.

Formation

  1. Group 1: the -i syllable shifts to the -e row plus る: 読みます → 読める
  2. Group 2: ます → られる (casual れる): 食べます → 食べられる
  3. Group 3: できる, 来られる (korareru)
  4. What you can do usually takes が: 日本語が話せます

When to use it

Core use
Potential form: can do it

Example

わたしひらがな読めよめます

I can read hiragana.

Important notes

  • Pay attention to the word form before the construction and to the particles around it.

Common mistakes

  • Do not translate the pattern word for word; first identify its function in the whole situation.

Similar grammar

    All N4 grammarOpen in the app