JLPT N5 · Verb forms and tenses

Vない

Forms the plain negative verb form

Meaning

Forms the plain negative verb form.

Formation

  1. Group 1: the -i syllable shifts to the -a row plus ない: 書きます → 書かない; an -i stem gives わ: 買います → 買わない
  2. Group 2: ます → ない: 食べます → 食べない
  3. Group 3: しない, 来ない (konai); ある → ない

When to use it

Core use
Forms the plain negative verb form

Example

朝ご飯あさごはん食べたべない

I do not eat breakfast.

Important notes

  • Word forms and particle choice depend on the pattern's role in the sentence.

Common mistakes

  • Do not reorder or reshape the highlighted parts to match English word order.

Similar grammar

    All N5 grammarOpen in the app