Meaning
Describes the result of an intentional action.
Formation
- て form of a transitive verb + ある — 置いてあります
- The object usually takes が: 本が置いてあります; を is possible when stressing preparation: 本を用意してあります
When to use it
- Core use
- Describes the result of an intentional action
Examples
13 sentences-
机の上に本が置いてあります
A book has been placed on the desk.
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窓が開けてあります
The window has been left open.
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明日の旅行の切符は、もう買ってあります
The tickets for tomorrow's trip have already been bought.
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入口に地図が貼ってあります
A map has been put up at the entrance.
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テーブルに朝ご飯が並べてあります
Breakfast has been laid out on the table.
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旅行の切符はもう買ってあります
The tickets for the trip have already been bought.
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黒板に明日の予定が書いてあります
Tomorrow's schedule has been written on the board.
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お客さんの部屋は掃除してあります
The guest room has already been cleaned.
5 more examples
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寒いので窓が閉めてあります
It is cold, so the window has been closed.
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冷蔵庫に飲み物が入れてあります
Drinks have been put in the fridge.
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名前はこの紙に書いてあります
The name has been written on this paper.
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会議の資料は全部用意してあります
All the meeting materials have been prepared.
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机の上に花が飾ってあります
Flowers have been arranged on the desk.
Important notes
- Vてある describes a state left by someone's intentional earlier action: 窓が開けてあります (the window has been opened and left open). The thing acted upon usually takes が: 本が置いてあります.
Common mistakes
- It needs a transitive verb: 窓が開いています only describes the state, while 窓が開けてあります says someone opened it on purpose.
Similar grammar
Hear it in podcasts
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