Meaning
AよりむしろB means 'B rather than A': of two options, B turns out to be true or preferable, often contrary to expectation. むしろ stresses that the choice or judgment is not the obvious one; 'Aより' can be dropped when A is clear from context or from what the listener expects.
Formation
- Nより、むしろN: 夏 → 夏より、むしろ冬が好きだ
- Vるより、むしろVたほうが: 飲む → 薬を飲むより、むしろ寝たほうがいい
- Aいより、むしろAいほうが: 大きい → 大きいより、むしろ小さいほうが便利だ
- Aな + Nより、むしろAな + N: 派手な服 → 派手な服より、むしろ地味な服
- Nよりも、むしろN (stronger comparison): 成績 → 成績よりも、むしろ努力
- むしろ + B without 'Aより' (A is clear from context): 助かる → いいえ、むしろ助かりました
When to use it
- Where to use it
- When reality or a choice goes against expectations: 薬を飲むより、むしろよく寝たほうが早く治る 'rather than taking medicine, you'll get better sooner by sleeping well'. Often in a reply that contradicts the listener: 「迷惑じゃない?」—「ううん、むしろうれしい」.
- Where not to use it
- There are hardly any grammatical restrictions: より attaches to the dictionary form of verbs and adjectives or to a noun. In meaning, むしろ is unnecessary in a neutral comparison with nothing unexpected (りんごよりみかんのほうが安い — より~ほうが is enough). When you are looking for a more accurate word for the same thing ('not so much cold as damp'), というより is the usual choice.
Examples
20 sentences-
薬を飲むより、むしろよく寝たほうが早く治る。
Rather than taking medicine, you'll get better sooner by sleeping well.
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迷惑じゃないよ、むしろ助かった。
You weren't a bother — if anything, you helped me out.
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京都は夏より、むしろ冬が好きです。
I actually like Kyoto better in winter than in summer.
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値上げのあと、客はむしろ増えた。
After the price increase, customers actually went up.
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子どもより、むしろ親が夢中になっていた。
It was the parents, rather than the kids, who got really into it.
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メールより、むしろ電話で話したほうが早いですよ。
It'd actually be quicker to talk on the phone than to email.
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かばんは大きいより、むしろ小さいほうが使いやすい。
Actually, a small bag is easier to use than a big one.
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彼女には派手な服より、むしろ地味な服が似合う。
Plain clothes suit her better than flashy ones, if anything.
12 more examples
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一人で悩むより、むしろ誰かに相談したほうがよくない?
Wouldn't it be better to talk to someone rather than worry about it alone?
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成績よりも、むしろ毎日の努力を見てほしい。
I'd like people to look at the daily effort rather than the grades.
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この店は昼より、むしろ夜のほうが静かだ。
This place is actually quieter at night than at lunchtime.
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無理に話すより、むしろ黙っていたほうがいい時もある。
Sometimes it's better to stay silent rather than force yourself to talk.
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買い替えるより、むしろ修理したほうが安いですか。
So would it be cheaper to repair it rather than replace it?
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部屋は広いより、むしろ狭いほうが落ち着く。
I actually feel more at ease in a small room than in a big one.
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有名なレストランより、むしろ近所の食堂のほうがおいしい。
The diner in my neighborhood is actually tastier than the famous restaurant.
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旅行では、観光よりも、むしろ食事が楽しみだ。
When I travel, I look forward to the food more than the sightseeing.
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謝る必要はないよ、むしろ感謝しているくらいだ。
No need to apologize — if anything, I'm grateful.
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薬を変えてから、症状はむしろ悪くなった。
Since I switched medicines, my symptoms have actually gotten worse.
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天気予報では寒くなると言っていたが、むしろ暖かかった。
The forecast said it would get cold, but it was actually warm.
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若い人はテレビより、むしろネットでニュースを見るそうだ。
They say young people get their news online rather than from TV.
Important notes
- むしろ often appears in a contradicting reply without 'Aより': 「迷惑でしたか?」—「いえ、むしろ助かりました」 'On the contrary, you helped me out.'
- むしろ readily combines with ほうが and よりも — aよりもむしろBのほうが~ is a fuller, emphatic comparison.
- かえって means 'on the contrary' when an action backfires (薬を飲んだら、かえって悪くなった); むしろ is a judgment or choice, 'B rather', not necessarily the result of an action.
Common mistakes
- ✗ 薬を飲んだより、むしろよく寝たほうがいい。 → ✓ 薬を飲むより、むしろよく寝たほうがいい。 — in this kind of advice the dictionary form goes before より; the past 飲んだ doesn't fit.
- ✗ 休むむしろ働いたほうが気が楽だ。 → ✓ 休むより、むしろ働いたほうが気が楽だ。 — the thing being compared against is marked with より; むしろ does not replace it.
- △ この料理は辛いより、むしろ痛い。 (meant 'it's not so much spicy as actually painful') → 辛いというより、痛い。 — when you look for a more precise word for the same sensation, というより is more natural; むしろ compares two different options.
Check yourself
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