Meaning
ではありません politely negates a noun or na-adjective: 'is not' or 'is not that way.' じゃありません is its more conversational variant.
Formation
- Noun or na-adjective stem + ではありません.
- Conversation often contracts では to じゃ: 学生じゃありません.
When to use it
- Polite correction
- Calmly says that a person or object does not belong to the named category.
- Negating a state
- Negates a quality expressed by a na-adjective: 静かではありません.
Example
あの建物は病院じゃありません
That building is not a hospital.
Important notes
- ではありません is neutral and more formal; じゃありません is common in conversation.
Common mistakes
- Do not use this pattern for verbs or i-adjectives; they have their own negative forms.
- Do not confuse polite じゃありません with plain じゃない.